激光沉积修复BT20钛合金成形特性及其组织

采用激光沉积修复方法对BT20钛合金锻件误加工和服役造成的损伤进行修复,观察成形件宏观形貌特点,分析宏观形貌影响因素.使用光学显微镜观察试件内部组织特点,指出内部组织形成原因;对沉积过程中缺陷特点以及产生的原因进行说明,并给出减少缺陷的方法.     

用模糊集方法实现管理系统仿真输入非参数化的研究

以模糊信息优化处理的观点，研究了信息扩散方式实现非参数输入的途径、方法和效果、本文用正态扩散方式处理知识样本，形成参数概率颁上模式，通过ＳＩＭＡＮ仿真语言，对某一高速公路的一部分收费系统进行了仿真研究，结果表明：当人们对系统掌握的资料不多时，新方法有较大的优越性；如有较多的资料，新方法的结果与传统方法一致。     

薄层碳纤维斜纹布层压板二次胶接试验研究

将复合材料薄板二次胶接技术应用在小型无人机机翼主承力结构上，对于降低机翼盒段的制造成本具有重要的工程应用价值。采用碳纤维斜纹布制2 mm 薄板进行单搭接结构拉剪试验，分析3 种不同型号的胶粘剂对该薄板的适配性以及胶层厚度和层压板铺层角度对二次胶接强度的影响，并通过ABAQUS 软件进行模拟验证。结果表明：使用SY-23B 环氧结构胶，胶层厚度为0.2 mm、铺层方式为［（0/90）］8 -［（0/90）］8 的结构件，胶接性能最优，结构剪切强度可以达到18.2 MPa，满足小型无人机受力盒段的胶接强度要求，二次胶接成形的机翼受力盒段具有轻质化、低成本的优点。     

Anomalous Cosmic Rays and Solar Modulation

We review aspects of anomalous cosmic rays (ACRs) that bear on the solar modulation of energetic particles in the heliosphere. We show that the latitudinal and radial gradients of these particles exhibit a 22-year periodicity in concert with the reversal of the Sun's magnetic field. The power-law index of the low energy portion of the energy spectrum of ACRs at the shock in 1996 appears to be -1.3, suggesting that the strength of the solar wind termination shock at the helioequatorial plane is relatively weak, with s 2.8. The rigidity dependence of the perpendicular interplanetary mean free path in the outer heliosphere for particles with rigidities between 0.2 and 0.7 GV varies approximately as R2, where R is particle rigidity. There is evidence that ACR oxygen is primarily multiply charged above 20 MeV/nuc and primarily singly-charged below 16 MeV/nuc. The location of the termination shock was at 65 AU in 1987 and 85 AU in 1994.     

Evidence of Element Diffusion Inside the Sun and the Stars and its Consequences on the Lithium Primordial Abundance

The process of element segregation in stars (also called "microscopic diffusion") has to be introduced in all computations of stellar structure to obtain consistent models. Although recognized by the pioneers of stellar physics, this process has long been forgotten, except for white dwarfs and for the so-called "chemically peculiar stars". More recently helioseismology has given evidence that this process occurs in the Sun, and leads to helium and heavier element depletion by about 20 percent. Some macroscopic motions (mild mixing) must also occur below the convection zone in order to account for the lithium depletion. These motions do not prevent the segregation : they only slightly smooth the abundance gradients. These results are presented here and the connexion with the 3He abundance is discussed. The importance of these processes for Pop II stars is also developped.     

冲压发动机突扩燃烧室内标量输运的大涡模拟

为弄清突扩燃烧室内标量输运机理，采用大涡模拟方法数值模拟了几何结构简化的冲压发动机突扩燃烧室内湍流流动中燃料浓度以及温度等标量的扩散和输运过程。研究了大尺度涡结构随时间在空间的演化过程，给出了燃料浓度和温度场的瞬时空间分布。研究表明燃料的扩散特征直接决定于大涡结构，大涡结构也强烈的影响温度的输运过程。该研究结果为冲压发动机突扩燃烧室设计和改进燃烧状况提供了细观依据。     

Compression Creep Behavior of High Volume Fraction of SiC Particles Reinforced Al Composite Fabricated by Pressureless Infiltration

The compression creep deformation of the high volume fraction of SiC particles reinforced Al-Mg-Si composite fabricated by pressure-less infiltration was investigated. The experimental results show that the creep stress exponents are very high at temperatures of 673 K, 723 K and 773 K, and if taking the threshold stress into account, the true stress exponent of minimum creep strain rate is still approximately 5, although the volume fraction of reinforcements is very high. The creep strain rate in the high volume fraction rein- forced aluminum alloy matrix composites is controlled by matrix lattice diffusion. It is found that the creep-strengthening effect of high volume fraction of silicon carbide particles is significant, although the particles do not form effective obstacles to dislocation motion.     

两种Fe—Ni—Cr基高温合金氢渗透行为的研究

本工作采用气相渗透技术,测定了210～430℃温度范围内两种Fe-Ni-Cr基高温合金GH35A和GH761的氢渗透率和扩散系数,试图了解合金的微观组织结构变化对氢渗透行为的影响。结果表明:在实验温度范围内,氢在两种合金中的渗透行为均服从Arrhenius关系式;氢渗透率和扩散系数对GH35A的组织结构变化是不敏感的,但在GH761中时效处理后的φ和D值均略低于合金的固溶状态值。     

高性能铝基复合材料的颗粒分布及界面结合

采用常规粉末冶金和高能球磨粉末冶金法制备了B4Cp/Al复合材料，研究了B4C颗粒分布与界面结合特点、形成机制以及对材料性能的影响。结果表明，17％（体积分数）B4Cp/6061Al复合材料的屈服和抗拉强度分别为415MPa和470MPa，比常规粉末冶金复合材料分别提高了69％和70％。微观分析表明，高能球磨粉末冶金复合材料中B4C颗粒均匀分布、颗粒与基体之间存在近百纳米厚度的界面层，界面层由呈带状且有序分布的微细铝晶粒和弥散分布的纳米颗粒组成。高能球磨过程中，铝粉末在钢球表面形成冷焊层，B4C不断被挤入而均匀化是实现颗粒均匀分布的主要机制；球磨过程中铝粉末表面氧化层破碎暴露出新鲜铝表面且与镶嵌与铝粉末中的B4C颗粒形成界面结合是获得良好界面结合复合材料的重要条件     

Ti/Ni/Ti复合层TLP扩散连接Si3N4陶瓷与接头质量控制

研究了Ti/Ni/Ti复合层TLP扩散连接Si3 N4 陶瓷。结果表明 ,Ni Ti过渡液相存在时间短 ,在此期间形成的界面结合强度低 ;必须进一步固态扩散反应才能形成高强度接头 ,相应的接头显微结构为 :Si3 N4 /TiN/Ti5Si3+Ti5Si4 +Ni3 Si/NiTi/Ni3 Ti/Ni。连接时间、连接温度、连接压力及Ti和Ni的厚度影响接头组织和强度 ,其最佳值为 6 0min ,10 5 0℃、2 .5MPa、2 0 μm和 40 0 μm ,所得接头室温和 80 0℃剪切强度分别为 142MPa和 6 1MPa。